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{"$rows_empty":7}
["顫動、振浪"]
["現            象","原              因","改  正  與  對   策"]
["距離規則的痕跡","一般振動","確認研磨機及心軸之平衡。"]
[null,"機械的振動","基礎與安裝方法的檢查。"]
[null,null,"更換或調整皮帶及齒輪。"]
[null,null,"檢查心軸與馬達的平衡。"]
[null,null,"運動部位的再檢查"]
[null,"砂輪太硬","使用結合度較軟的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"使用較粗顆粒的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"降低砂輪周速度。"]
[null,null,"減少進刀量。"]
["長而距離有規則的痕跡","砂輪不平衡","校正砂輪的平衡。"]
[null,null,"削正後再作平衡。"]
[null,null,"研磨液飛散前砂輪不可停轉。"]
[null,"砂輪不圓","平衡之前、之後均加削正砂輪圓周。"]
["窄深而有規則的痕跡","砂輪太粗","使用顆粒較細的砂輪。"]
["有規則而距離寬廣的痕跡","皮帶厚度不均一","使皮帶各部份的柔軟性一致。"]
[null,"皮帶輪鬆弛或不平衡","更換軸襯套，並與軸鑲配，注意平衡。"]
["痕跡短密而距離平均","砂輪心軸軸承鬆弛","軸承調整、將軸承上緊或再裝配。"]
[null,null,"修換軸承。"]
[null,null,"增加軸承給油量或改善油品質。"]
[null,null,"減低砂輪周速度。"]
["痕跡細長而距離較寬","砂輪心軸彎或不圓","砂輪心軸真圓度的檢查。"]
[null,null,"砂輪心軸彎曲的檢查。"]
[null,null,"換新砂輪心軸。"]
["痕跡長而距離寬成有規則","傳動齒輪之間有間隙","更換舊齒輪"]
[null,null,"使用V皮帶傳動。"]
[null,null,"校對油潤情形。"]
["規則的或不規則的痕跡同時出現","橫動軸承不良","橫送軸承的檢查。"]
[null,"橫送台架的振動或鬆弛","更換橫動軸承。"]
[null,null,"要給油。"]
[null,null,"輸送裝置的檢查。"]
["狹距離規則的痕跡","心軸上皮帶輪鬆弛","調緊心軸上的皮帶輪。"]
["痕跡長寬而距離平均且變色，砂輪平滑或填塞","砂輪結合度太硬","使用結合度較軟砂輪。"]
[null,null,"或組織較鬆的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"或粒度較粗砂輪。"]
["一般痕跡","修整方面","使用尖銳的鑽石，修整時要堅實安裝。"]
["痕跡不規則","工作物中心或支架不正確","校對頂尖及支架的配合情形。"]
[null,null,"平均的加以油潤。"]
["寬而深度不同的不規則痕跡","砂輪太軟","使用結合度較硬的砂輪。"]
["分佈寬廣的斑點","砂輪平滑","平衡砂輪及削正砂輪。"]
[null,null,"去除砂輪面下的附著油污。"]

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[]
["斑點、螺旋線、搔傷、橫送印紋"]
["現            象","原              因","改  正  與  對   策"]
["弧立的深凹痕跡","磨粒脫落嚴重","使用硬的結合度"]
[null,null,"使用劈開性良好的磨料。"]
[null,null,"    A→WA→C→GC"]
[null,"砂輪修整不適當","使用尖銳的鑽石削正器工具。"]
[null,null,"砂輪修整後用堅勒的棕刷刷淨。"]
[null,"粗磨粒或外來雜物混入砂輪面","砂輪修整剔出。"]
[null,null,"嚴重時更換砂輪。"]
[null,"緣盤鬆弛","使用吸墨或襯圈將圓盤上緊。"]
[null,null,"螺絲要對稱平均裝緊勿偏倚。"]
[null,"有機質砂輪之劣化","避免使用Chemical Solution Type 冷劑(JIS.W3種)而改用 Soluble Type (JIS.W2種)為宜。"]
[]
[null,null,"冷劑中鹼的含量以PH9之程度為限。"]
[null,null,"夏季要防止冷劑溫度上升。"]
["不規則的痕跡","研磨液不清潔","經常清洗研磨液劑箱。"]
[null,null,"過濾器機能的檢查。"]
[null,null,"砂輪削正或換新後應將保護罩內側沖洗乾淨。"]
[]
[null,"研磨液污物","保持空氣或工廠的清潔。"]
[null,null,"設裝集塵器或集塵器機能的檢查。"]
["長寬各不相同的不規則痕跡          (成魚尾形)","研磨作業不良","減低砂輪壓力。"]
[null,null,"使用較軟、銳利的結合度砂輪。"]
[null,null,"使用大量研磨液。"]
["磨粒痕跡","結合度太軟或粒度太粗","選用細粒度或硬的結合度。"]
[null,"修整不良","修整速度減少。"]
[null,null,"送進速度減慢。"]
["細螺紋痕跡 (Scratch)","修整不良","更換破裂鑽石工具。"]
[null,null,"修整送進速度減慢。"]
[null,null,"修整深度也減小。"]
[null,null,"修整之位置為下傾15度、橫傾30度。"]
[null,null,"鑽石及夾持器要夾緊。"]
[null,null,"不要讓夾持器碰到砂輪。"]
[null,null,"削正時不要從砂輪面的中途開始，須從緣端開始。"]
[]
[null,null,"最後一次削正的橫送方向要與研磨橫送方向相反。"]
[]
[null,null,"鑽石的橫送方向要均勻。"]
[null,null,"砂輪的緣端要修圓。(倒角)"]
[null,"研磨作業不良","防止砂輪邊刺進工作物內。"]
[null,null,"減低砂輪壓力。"]
[null,null,"更換磨損機件以免砂輪頭鬆弛。"]
[null,null,"增設工作物穩定支架。"]
[null,null,"將工作物回轉數減少。"]
[null,null,"減少砂輪的送進速度"]
["螺旋痕跡","砂輪邊端崎嶇不平","砂輪緣角修圓。"]
[null,"選用粒度不良","粗磨時使用較細的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"細磨時使用較組的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"緩慢的減少進刀量與橫送速度至無火花為止。"]
[]
[null,"削正不良","削正器要下傾 5度"]
[null,null,"砂輪的緣端要修圓(倒角)。"]
[null,"修整不良","修整深度減小。"]
[null,null,"送進速度減慢。"]
[null," 中心線不準","校正砂輪與工作物的中心線。"]
[null,"細磨方法不當","開始研磨時橫送速度要快，以便將前工程的粗磨痕跡磨掉。"]
[]
[null,null,"最後將橫送速度改慢，以滑磨(Spark out) 方法完成細磨工作。"]

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[]
["砂輪的結合度不適當、填塞、平滑"]
["現            象","原              因","改  正  與  對   策"]
["砂輪不耐用","砂輪太軟","工作物速度、砂輪送進速度、研磨深度減低。"]
["砂輪有凹痕、傷痕"]
["工作物有斜錐 (Taper)",null,"砂輪回轉數、砂輪直徑、厚度均應增大。"]
["磨料易脫落",null,"砂輪修整深度要淺。"]
[null,null,"送進速度減低、次數要增加。"]
[null,null,"砂輪不要在橫送進的一端離開工作物。"]
[null,null,"減少研磨液的稀釋倍數。"]
["研磨效果不良","砂輪太硬","增加工作物速度、砂輪橫送速度。"]
["平滑",null,"增加砂輪壓力、研磨深度增大。"]
["填塞",null,"砂輪回轉數、砂輪直徑、厚度減小。"]
["燒損",null,"經常用尖銳的鑽石修整器將砂輪面削銳。"]
["顫動、振浪",null,"使用粗粒度及較軟的結合度。"]
["同時發生",null,"避免在橫送進的一端將砂輪停留過久。"]
[null,null,"避免使用膠黏的冷劑，或增加研磨液稀釋倍數。"]
[]
["砂輪填塞","砂輪選用不適當","使用顆粒較粗的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"使用結合度較軟的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"使用組織較粗的砂輪。"]
[null,"削正不適當","使用較銳利的鑽石或削正器。"]
[null,null,"增加削正速度。"]
[null,null,"削正後砂輪面要加以清理。"]
[null,"研磨液不適當","使用洗滌性較好的油劑 (JIS.W3.W2)。"]
[null,null,"使用油份較少的研磨液。"]
[null,null,"改善注入方式，平均且大量的灌注。"]
[null,null,"從中央給油時，尤應注意油劑的潔淨。"]
[null,"作業不適當","使用軟結合度砂輪。"]
["砂輪平滑","砂輪選用不適當","所選用的磨料，對工作物材質是否適當。"]
[null,null,"使用顆粒較粗的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"使用結合度較軟的砂輪。"]
[null,null,"使用組織較粗的砂輪。"]
[null,"削正不適當","使用較銳利的削正器時常將砂輪面削銳。"]
[null,null,"增加削正速度。"]
[null,null,"增加削正深度。"]
[null,"研磨液不適當","選用潤滑性較好的油劑 (非水溶性，水溶性W2)。"]
[]
[null,null,"改善注入方式，平均且大量的灌注。"]
[null,"作業不適當","使用軟結合度砂輪。"]
[null,null,"增加砂輪進刀量。"]

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[]
["研磨烧损、伤痕、加工精度"]
["现            象","原              因","改  正  与  对   策"]
["弯曲薄件工作物的变形","操作不当","降低电磁盘的磁力强度。"]
[null,null,"电磁盘与工作物中间垫置适当厚度的铁板。"]
[null,"研磨液不当","使用较稀薄的研磨液或溶垢油。"]
[null,null,"使用大量的研磨液。"]
[null,null,"改善注液方法，让研磨液注入在研磨点。"]
[null,null,"使用水溶性油剂时，采用强力型的JIS.W2种，并泡浓些。"]
[]
[null,"砂轮不适宜","使用较软结合度、较松的组织砂轮。"]
["研磨烧损","选用砂轮不当","使用较软结合度、较松的组织砂轮。"]
[null,null,"要经常削正砂轮。"]
[null,null,"操作砂轮使其作用较软。"]
["研磨痕迹","研磨液不当","使用较稀薄的研磨液或溶垢油。"]
[null,null,"使用大量的研磨液。"]
[null,null,"改善注液方法，让研磨液注入在研磨点。"]
[null,null,"使用水溶性油剂时，采用强力型的JIS.W2种，并泡浓些。"]
[]
[null,"操作不当","砂轮研磨深度减小、进刀量减少。"]
[null,null,"送进速度增大，不要仅靠同一部位研磨。"]
[null,null,"防止砂轮与工作物接触的状态下停止转动。"]
[null,"工作物热处理不当","回火温度是否太低。"]
[null,null,"工作物残留不安定的组织。"]
["真圆度不良","中心线不准","中心孔要正确的开钻。"]
[null,null,"中心孔要研磨、拉磨或清除污秽杂物。"]
[null,null,"中心顶尖要修正重新研磨。"]
[null,null,"中心顶与中心毛要充分注油。"]
[null,null,"中心头及尾架上紧。"]
[null,null,"中心顶材质使用碳化钨钢。"]
[null,null,"无心研磨时，支架高度为 10 mm之程度。"]
[null,"削正不良","确认研磨砂轮位置与修整位置一致。"]
[null,"工作物不平衡","装设平衡架"]
[null,null,"平衡重量调整法码。"]
[null,"作业不当","横送式研磨时，不要让砂轮在送进之一端先行离开，以免工作物在一端成斜锥形。"]
[]
[null,null,"砂轮研磨深度减小、减小送进压力。"]
[null,null,"使用硬结合度砂轮。"]
[null,null,"长或细的工作物研磨时要装置夹支架。"]
["圆筒度不良 有斜锥 (Taper)","砂轮不适宜","使用结合度较硬的砂轮。"]
[null,null,"直送式研磨时，砂轮面宽度要比工作物宽度稍大。"]
[]
[null,null,"砂轮直径要比工作物直径大。"]
[null,"削正不良","确认研磨砂轮位置与修整位置一致。"]
[null,null,"把削正器的钻石尖端靠近研磨点。"]
[null,"操作不当","支架配置位置的再检讨。"]
[null,null,"砂轮移送情形是否平稳。"]
[null,null,"横送式研磨时，砂轮面宽度要在工作物留存1/3以上。"]
[]
[null,"工作物膨胀","使用多量的冷却剂。"]
[null,null,"注意给油方法。"]
[null,null,"减少砂轮进刀量，增加横送速度。"]
[null,"残存","选用稍硬的砂轮。"]
[null,null,"前加工之检讨，及细磨时的尺寸管理统一。"]
[null,null,"滑磨时间是否适当。"]